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transnational law transnational law (lex mercatoria or international business law) and "Foreign corporate entities" 2020-05-25 13:38:56 https://www.trans-lex.org/img/logo_ball.png
Principle

No. X.1 - Foreign corporate entities

The existence of foreign corporate entities is acknowledged.

Commentary
The Principle reflects the universal application of the juridical concept of corporateness, i.e. the existence of corporations as separate legal entities.

Please cite as: "Commentary to Trans-Lex Principle , "
References
Court Decisions
Doctrine
Contract Clauses
Corporate Power and Authority
Sales & Purchase Contract
Representations and Warranties

Seller represents and warrants to Buyer that as of the Purchase Date for the purchase of any Purchased Mortgage Loans by Buyer from Seller and as of the date of this Agreement and any Transaction hereunder and at all times while this Agreement and any Transaction hereunder is in full force and effect (...) Seller is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws and regulations of the State of X and is duly licensed, qualified, and in good standing in every state where Seller transacts business and in any state where any Mortgaged Property is located if the laws of such state require licensing or qualification in order to conduct business of the type conducted by Seller therein.

1998
Organization and Good Standing

Each Seller and each Purchased Subsidiary is duly organized and validly existing under the Laws of its jurisdiction of organization. Subject to the limitations imposed on Sellers as a result of having filed the Bankruptcy Cases, each Seller and each Purchased Subsidiary has all requisite corporate, limited liability company, partnership or similar power, as the case may be, and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and assets and to carry on its business as now being conducted. Each Seller and each Purchased Subsidiary is duly qualified or licensed or admitted to do business, and is in good standing in (where such concept is recognized under applicable Law), the jurisdictions in which the ownership of its property or the conduct of its business requires such qualification or license, in each case, except where the failure to be so qualified, licensed or in good standing would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Sellers have made available to Purchaser prior to the execution of this Agreement true and complete copies of Sellers' Organizational Documents, in each case, as in effect on the date of this Agreement.

2000
Representations and Warranties

Seller is a corporation duly formed, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Nevada and is duly registered to do business as a foreign corporation in the Kansas (...) Seller has the power to enter into and perform this Purchase and Sale Contract and the transactions contemplated by this Purchase and Sale Contract. Subject to filings with or other actions by governmental entities where the same are customarily obtained subsequent to the assignment of oil and gas interests, the execution, delivery and performance of this Purchase and Sale Contract by Seller, and the transactions contemplated by this Purchase and Sale Contract, will not violate (i) any provision of the certificate or agreement of formation of Seller, (ii) any material agreement or instrument to which Seller is a party or by which Seller or any of the Assets are bound, (iii) any judgment, order, ruling, or decree applicable to Seller as a party in interest, or (iv) any law, rule or regulation applicable to Seller relating to the Assets other than a violation which would not have a material adverse effect on Seller or the Assets.

2007
Organization and Qualification of the Seller

Seller is a corporation that is duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing under the laws of the State of Ohio and has the requisite corporate power and authority to own and use its assets and carry on the Business as it is now being conducted, except where failure to have the same would not have a Material Adverse Effect. Seller is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the properties owned, leased or operated by it or the nature of the business conducted by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified and in good standing has not had, and is not reasonably likely to have, a Material Adverse Effect.

2009
Corporate Existence and Power

Such Seller Party is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its state of incorporation, and is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation, and has and holds all corporate power and all governmental licenses, authorizations, consents and approvals required to carry on its business in each jurisdiction in which its business is conducted and, in the case of the Servicer, where the failure to be so qualified could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

2009
Compliance with Laws and Preservation of Corporate Existence

Such Seller Party will comply in all material respects with all material applicable laws, rules, regulations, orders, writs, judgments, injunctions, decrees or awards to which it may be subject. Such Seller Party will preserve and maintain its corporate existence, rights, franchises and privileges in the jurisdiction of its incorporation, and qualify and remain qualified in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction where its business is conducted, except, in the case of the Servicer, where the failure to so qualify would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

2009
Organization; Powers

he Company (a) is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, (b) has all requisite corporate power and authority to own its property and assets and to carry on its business, in all material respects, as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted, (c) is qualified to do business in, and is in good standing in, every jurisdiction where such qualification is required, except where the failure so to qualify could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect and (d) has the power and authority to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Agreement.

2009

Party B is an enterprise duly organized, validly existing as a legal person under the laws of the People's Republic of China.

2010
Organization and Good Standing

The Company is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has all requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as now conducted. Each member of the Company Group is an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, as applicable, and has all requisite company power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as now conducted.

2010
Subsidiaries

The Dutch Sub is a private limited liability company duly incorporated and validly existing under the laws of the Netherlands, with full corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as now conducted. The Dutch Sub is duly qualified or licensed to do business in each of the jurisdictions in which the operation of its business or the character of the properties owned, leased or operated by it makes such qualification or licensing necessary, except where the failure to do so would not have, individually or in the aggregate, be materially adverse to the Business (...)

2010
Organization and Qualification

Seller is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the State of Delaware and has all requisite corporate power and authority to carry on the X Business as currently conducted by it and to own or lease and operate the Purchased Assets and conduct the X Business. Seller is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation (in any jurisdiction that recognizes such concept) in each jurisdiction where the ownership or operation of the Purchased Assets or the operation or conduct of the X Business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and could not reasonably be expected to have a Seller Material Adverse Effect.

2011
Organization, Valid Existence and Qualification

The Company is a corporation duly organized and validly existing under the laws of the State of Washington and has all requisite corporate power and authority to carry on its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted. The Company is duly qualified to transact business as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which it conducts its business, except where failure to be so qualified would not have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition, business, operations or property.

2011
Organization and Qualification

The Company is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware. Each Significant Subsidiary of the Company is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of organization. Each of the Company and each Significant Subsidiary of the Company has all necessary corporate power and authority: (i) to conduct its business in the manner in which its business is currently being conducted; (ii) to own and use its assets in the manner in which its assets are currently owned and used; and (iii) to perform its obligations under all material contracts to which it is a party. Each of the Company and each Significant Subsidiary of the Company is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

2012
Organization

The Seller is a corporation duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware. Each of the Post Subsidiaries and each of their respective subsidiaries has full power and authority to conduct the Post Business as currently conducted, and each is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction in which it is organized. Each of the Post Subsidiaries and their respective subsidiaries is duly qualified to do business and in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which the conduct or nature of the Post Business or the ownership, leasing or holding of its properties makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, individually or in the aggregate, is not reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect.

2013
Organization; Power and Authority.

The Company and each Guarantor is a corporation or limited liability company, as applicable, duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of organization, and is duly qualified as a foreign entity and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required by applicable Requirements of Law, other than those jurisdictions as to which the failure to be so qualified or in good standing could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect (...)

2013
Organization and Qualification

The Company and each of its Significant Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power and authority to own, lease, operate and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company nor any of its Significant Subsidiaries is in violation nor default of any of the provisions of its respective Organizational Documents. The Company and each of its Significant Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except, as to Significant Subsidiaries, where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, would not have or reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, and no Action has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification. Complete and accurate copies of the Company's Organizational Documents, each as in effect as of the date of this Agreement, have previously been made available to the Purchaser.

2014
Loan Contract
Due Incorporation, Qualification, etc.

Each of Company and Parent (i) is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its state of incorporation; (ii) has the power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and carry on its business as now conducted; and (iii) is duly qualified, licensed to do business and in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction where the failure to be so qualified or licensed could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

2002
Organization; Powers

The Borrower and each Material Subsidiary (a) is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, (b) has all requisite power and authority to own its property and assets and to carry on its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted, (c) is qualified to do business in, and is in good standing in, every jurisdiction where such qualification is required, except where the failure so to qualify could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect and (d) has the power and authority to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under each of the Loan Documents and each other agreement or instrument contemplated thereby to which it is or will be a party and, in the case of the Borrower, to borrow hereunder.

2008
Due Organization and Authorization

Borrower and each of its Subsidiaries are duly existing and in good standing as Registered Organizations in their respective jurisdictions of formation and are qualified and licensed to do business and are in good standing in any other jurisdiction in which the conduct of their respective business or ownership of property requires that they be qualified except where the failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on Borrower's business (...)

2011
Due Organization, Authorization; Power and Authority

Borrower is duly existing and in good standing as a Registered Organization in its jurisdiction of formation and is qualified and licensed to do business and is in good standing in any jurisdiction in which the conduct of its business or its ownership of property requires that it be qualified except where the failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on Borrower's business (...)

2011
Corporate Existence and Power

Each of the Parent Guarantor, the Borrower and each of their respective Subsidiaries is a corporation duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation and has all corporate powers and all material governmental licenses, authorizations, consents and approvals required to carry on its business as now conducted (except, in the case of such Subsidiaries, to the extent that failure to comply with the foregoing statements could not, in the aggregate, affect the business, financial position, results of operations or prospects of the Parent Guarantor and its Consolidated Subsidiaries in a manner material and adverse to the creditworthiness of the Borrower and the other Obligors, considered as a whole), and each of the Parent Guarantor, the Borrower and each of their respective Subsidiaries is duly qualified as a foreign corporation, licensed and in good standing in each jurisdiction where qualification or licensing is required by the nature of its business or the character and location of its property, business or customers and in which the failure so to qualify or be licensed, as the case may be, in the aggregate, could affect the business, financial position, results of operations or prospects of the Parent Guarantor and its Consolidated Subsidiaries in a manner material and adverse to the creditworthiness of the Borrower and the other Obligors, considered as a whole.

2011
Due Organization, Authorization; Power and Authority

Borrower and each of its Subsidiaries is duly existing and in good standing in its jurisdiction of formation and is qualified and licensed to do business and is in good standing in any jurisdiction in which the conduct of its business or its ownership of property requires that it be qualified except where the failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on Borrower's business (...)

2012
Organization; Powers

Each Loan Party and its Subsidiaries is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, has all requisite power and authority to carry on its business as now conducted and is qualified to do business in, and is in good standing in, every jurisdiction where such qualification is required, except in jurisdictions where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing has not had, and could not be reasonably expected to have, a Material Adverse Effect.

2012
Organization

Borrower is a corporation for profit which is, and at all times shall be, duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing under and by virtue of the laws of the State of Florida. Borrower is duly authorized to transact business in all other states in which Borrower is doing business, having obtained all necessary filings, governmental licenses and approvals for each state in which Borrower is doing business. Specifically, Borrower is, and at all times shall be, duly qualified as a foreign corporation in all states in which the failure to so qualify would have a material adverse effect on its business or financial condition (...)

2012
Existence and Qualification; Power; Compliance with Laws

It (i) is a corporation duly organized or formed, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the state of its organization or formation, (ii) has the power and authority and the legal right to (A) own and operate its properties, to lease the properties it operates and to conduct its business and (B) execute, deliver and perform its obligations under the Loan Documents, (iii) is duly qualified and in good standing under the Laws of each jurisdiction where its ownership, lease or operation of properties or the conduct of its business requires such qualification, and (iv) is in compliance with all Laws, except in each case referred to in clause (ii)(A), clause (iii) or clause (iv), to the extent that failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

2013
Bankruptcy Agreement
Continued Corporate Existence and Vesting of Assets in the Reorganized Debtors

Except as otherwise provided herein (and subject to the Restructuring Transactions provisions of Article IV.B), each Debtor will, as a Reorganized Debtor, continue to exist after the Effective Date as a separate corporate Entity, with all the powers of a corporation under applicable law and without prejudice to any right to alter or terminate such existence (whether by merger, dissolution or otherwise) under applicable state law (...)

2006
Merger Agreement
Due Organization and Qualification; Subsidiaries; Joint Ventures

The Company is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The Company has all requisite corporate power and authority to: (i) conduct its business in the manner in which its business is currently being conducted; (ii) own and use its assets in the manner in which its assets are currently owned and used; and (iii) perform its obligations under all Contracts by which it is bound. The Company is duly qualified or licensed to do business as a foreign corporation and is in good standing in each jurisdiction where the nature of its business requires such qualification or license, except where the failure to be so qualified or licensed or to be in good standing, would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect.

2013
Organization, Good Standing, Corporate Power and Qualification

The Company is duly incorporated and organized, and is validly existing in good standing, under the laws of the State of Delaware. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and perform this Agreement and all other agreements required to be entered into and performed by the Company under this Agreement (the "Company Related Agreements"), to own and operate its properties and assets and to carry on its business. The Company is duly qualified and is authorized to transact business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which the character or location of its assets or properties (whether owned, leased or licensed) or the nature of its business make such qualification necessary. The Company has made available a true and correct copy of its certificate of incorporation, as amended to date (the "Certificate of Incorporation"), and bylaws, as amended to date, each in full force and effect on the date hereof (collectively, the "Charter Documents"), to Acquiror. The Company Board has not approved or proposed any amendment to any of the Charter Documents.

2013
Organization, Good Standing, Corporate Power and Qualification

Each of the Company Subsidiaries is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Legal Requirements of the jurisdiction of its formation, and has all requisite power and authority to own, operate or lease the properties and assets now owned, operated or leased by it, and to carry on its business. Each Company Subsidiary is duly qualified to do business as a foreign entity, and is in good standing, under the Legal Requirements of each jurisdiction in which the character of its properties owned, operated or leased, or the nature of its activities, makes such qualification necessary, except in those jurisdictions where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, when taken together with all other failures by the Company and Company Subsidiaries to be so qualified or in good standing, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company (...)

2013
Organization and Standing

Each of Acquiror and Merger Sub is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of Delaware. Merger Sub is a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Acquiror. Acquiror has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and perform this Agreement and all other agreements required to be entered into and performed by Acquiror under this Agreement (the "Acquiror Related Agreements"), to own and operate its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted and to issue the shares of Acquiror Common Stock issuable to Company Stockholders hereunder. Acquiror is duly qualified and is authorized to transact business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which the failure so to qualify would have a Material Adverse Effect on Acquiror.

2013
Organization of the Company

The Company is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the State of Delaware. The subsidiaries of the Company are duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of their respective jurisdictions of incorporation. Each of the Company and its subsidiaries has the corporate power to own its properties, to carry on its business as currently conducted and to perform its obligations under all Contracts to which it is a party or by which it is bound. Each of the Company and its subsidiaries is duly qualified or licensed to do business and in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which such qualification or licensure is required by Law, except for those jurisdictions where the failure to be so qualified or licensed and in good standing would not reasonably be expected to have, individually, or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect (...)

2014
Organization, Standing and Power

Each of Parent and Sub is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the State of Delaware. Sub is newly formed and was formed solely to effectuate the Merger. Each of Parent and Sub has the corporate power to own its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted and is duly qualified or licensed to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the failure to be so qualified or licensed would have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.

2014
Joint Venture
Corporate Existence and Power

X is a corporation duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware. X has the requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties that it currently owns, leases or operates and to carry on its business as now conducted. X is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing would not be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

2005
Trust Agreement
Authorization
The execution, delivery and performance by X of this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary action and will not violate the organizational documents of X or result in the breach of or constitute a default under any loan or credit agreement, or other material agreement to which X is a party or by which X or its material assets may be bound or affected. The execution of this Agreement by X does not require any consent or approval that has not been obtained, including without limitation the consent or approval of any Governmental Authority. 
2007
Investment Agreement
Corporate Status

Each Acquired Entity is an entity duly created, formed or organized, validly existing under the Laws of the jurisdiction of its creation, formation, or organization. Each Acquired Entity is duly authorized to conduct its business under the Laws of each jurisdiction where such qualification is required. Each Acquired Entity has the requisite corporate power and authority necessary to own or lease its properties and to carry on its businesses as currently conducted. Schedule X of the Disclosure Letter lists each Acquired Entity, their respective jurisdictions of organization, their respective directors and officers. Sellers have delivered to Buyer correct copies of each Acquired Entity's constitutional documents, as amended to date. To the Management Sellers' Knowledge, no Acquired Entity is in breach of any provision of its constitutional documents. 

2010
A project of CENTRAL, University of Cologne.